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The concept of “double percolation”, i.e., conductive fillers are selectively located in one phase of a co-continuous polymer blend to form a percolated network in the selected phase, is widely used to reduce the percolation thresholds of conductive polymer composites to a fraction of their original values. However, it is expected that the percolation threshold can be significantly reduced further...
Nitrogen doped reduced graphene oxide (N-RGO) is synthesized using microwave-assisted hydrothermal (MAHA) reaction. The proper configurations of nitrogen atoms in graphene sheets considerably increase the intrinsic electrical properties of N-RGO resultantly improving its capacitance and other kinetic properties in supercapacitor. Here, under the controlled MAHA reaction, we adjusted the ratio of nitrogen...
Here, we demonstrate via density functional theory that low-buckled two-dimensional (2D) Co 2 C 18 H 12 lattice structure are spin-polarized while high-buckled 2D Co 2 C 18 H 12 lattice structure being spin-unpolarized. Since the separated low-buckled and high-buckled states of Co 2 C 18 H 12 can be viewed as two states of memory...
We report on the synthesis and decoration of high-aspect-ratio crystalline C 60 nanorods (NRs) by functionalized palladium nanoparticles with an average size of 4.78±0.66nm. In their pristine form, C 60 NRs suffer from partial damage in the solution-based decoration process resulting in poor crystallinity. However, by modifying the NR surface via in situ photochemical transformation...
This paper reports on highly sensitive aligned carbon nanotube network (CNTN)-based strain sensors produced by aerosol jet printed electrodes and polyimide substrates. Two types of sensing mechanisms were revealed. Type A sensors, whose electrodes were directly printed on the CNTNs and embedded in epoxy resin, take advantage of the intrinsic piezoresistive properties of highly oriented carbon nanotube...
In this work the electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction on nitrogen-doped few-layer graphene/multi-walled carbon nanotube (FLG/MWCNT) composite catalyst has been investigated. These composite materials were prepared from different nitrogen precursors, acid-treated MWCNTs and graphene oxide (GO), which was synthesised from graphite by the modified Hummers’ method. Urea and dicyandiamide were used as...
This paper deals with the thermal behaviour of 36 Cl in nuclear graphite used in UNGG French reactors (graphite moderated and CO 2 cooled reactors). Implanted 37 Cl simulates 36 Cl displaced from its original structural site by recoil. The implanted nuclear graphite samples were annealed in the 200–1600°C temperature range and the 6–50h time range. Structural modifications...
We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy of oxygen-adsorbed monolayer graphene grown on 6H–SiC(0001). We found that the energy gap between the π and π ∗ bands gradually increases with oxygen adsorption to as high as 0.45eV at the 2000L oxygen exposure. A systematic shrinkage of the π ∗ electron Fermi surface was also observed. The present result strongly...
Graphene nanosheet has been doped with nitrogen, boron and nitrogen–boron pair of different concentrations. Modifications of electronic and optical properties due to nitrogen, boron and nitrogen–boron codoping in graphene nanosheet have been explored in the frame work of ab-initio density functional theory. Band gap opening has been observed and besides, its magnitude increases with the doping concentration...
We report a one-step functionalization reaction of forests of vertically aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with Cu or Ni nanoparticles. The benzyl alcohol assisted deposition reaction reduces copper or nickel acetyl acetonate to metallic homogeneously distributed nanoparticles and a 1μm thick metallic capping layer normal to the MWCNT forests. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission...
The barium doped fulleride Ba 3 C 60 was treated under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions of 5–15GPa and temperatures up to 1150°C. Amorphous solids stable in air were obtained. The high micro Vickers hardness and the Raman spectra of the solids suggest that the C 60 molecules are collapsed to form amorphous three-dimensional (3D) polymer encapsulating Ba atoms....
The cores of the fourteen Advanced Gas-cooled nuclear Reactors (AGRs) within the UK comprise Gilsocarbon graphite, a manufactured material surrounded predominantly by CO 2 at high pressure and temperature to provide heat exchange. The intense ionising radiation within the reactors causes radiolytic oxidation, and the resulting mass loss is a primary factor in determining reactor lifetime....
We investigate the formation and stability of Fe nanoparticles on TiN and poly-crystalline PtSi films, and their ability to grow carbon nanotubes forests. Using different-microstructure films, coated with or without their native oxides, we show that, upon purely-thermal catalyst pretreatment, PtSi favours the formation of homogenously sized nanoparticles and forest growth, partly due to its low surface...
We report an innovative approach to halogenation of carbon nanotube (CNT) films. Application of bias voltage across horizontally aligned CNT films resulted in the electrothermal effect, which enabled us to chemically modify CNT films at the entirely controlled range of temperatures up to 300°C. Such heated CNT membranes were exposed to gaseous halogens (Cl 2 , Br 2 , I 2 )...
Positively charged nitrogen functional groups were introduced onto the surface of granular activated carbon (GAC), and these increased perchlorate anion removal from drinking water sources. Nitrogen functionalization involved three treatment steps: (1) introducing oxygen groups onto the GAC, (2) incorporating nitrogen groups by thermal treatment in ammonia flow to replace O with N, and (3) quaternerizing...
The first- and second-order Raman spectra of carbon nano-onions (CNOs), produced via annealing of detonation nanodiamonds with a mean grain size of ∼5nm in the argon ambience at the maximal temperature of annealing process (T MAX ) varying from 1500 to 2150°C, are analyzed together with the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images. The combined analysis provides a deep...
We study the interplay between competitive substrate–C interaction processes occurring during chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of ethylene on Re(0001). At T<500K dissociative ethylene adsorption leads to the formation of a dimer species, producing an ordered (4×2) structure. In the range 500–700K, the formation of a high-quality single-layer of graphene is strongly opposed by the formation of a...
Graphene-based electrocatalysts have been widely investigated for their excellent performance in electrocatalytic oxygen reduction. The surface chemistry of graphene-based electrocatalysts is important for developing more efficient fuel cells and metal-air batteries. In addition, the nanostructured gas-diffusion electrode (GDE) on which the electrocatalysts are loaded needs to be carefully tailored...
The long term performance of semiconductor-free activated carbons showing photochemical activity was explored by monitoring the photodegradation of phenol from aqueous solution along 20h of illumination in consecutive photocatalytic cycles. The efficiency of the process was evaluated in terms of phenol conversion, mineralization degree and evaluation of degradation intermediates upon cycling. Data...
The oxidation performance of heterogeneous pitch fibers formed by blending a coal tar-derived isotropic pitch (IPc) and a naphthalene-derived mesophase pitch (MPn) was studied. The role of IPc in affecting the oxidation performance of such heterogeneous fibers was illustrated. The IPc spherical domains distributed in the MPn matrix facilitate the reduction of oxidization time and the decrease of the...
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